Investigating the Level of Anxiety and Coping Strategies among Kurdish EFL learners Speaking Skill
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25098/7.1.9Abstract
Anxiety is an uneasy emotion that a person has in any situation. A prevalent issue when speaking a foreign language, especially to learners, is foreign language anxiety. The study's goal was to determine if the EFL learners experience anxiety and what is the level of English language anxiety among undergraduate students who were studying in different universities in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Besides this study aimed to find out coping mechanisms employed by EFL (English as a foreign language) Kurdish learners to deal with their anxiety. This research followed a mixed method both quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative data were collected by using a foreign language classroom anxiety scale (FLCAS) questionnaire, and qualitative data were collected by interview. Data analysis revealed that students had a moderate level of anxiety. The participants expressed their own coping strategies to deal with their speaking skill anxiety which were divided into two themes Self-produced coping as initiated by the students and Coping methods provided by teachers as learned by students.
References
Ahmed, N. F. (2016). An Exploration of Speaking Anxiety with Kurdish University EFL Learners. Journal of Education and Practice, 7(27), 99-106.
Al-Saraj, T. M. (2014). Revisiting the foreign language classroom anxiety scale (FLCAS): The anxiety of female English language learners in Saudi Arabia. L2 Journal, 6(1).
Borg, S. (2007). Research engagement in English language teaching. Teaching and Teacher Education, 23(5), 731-747.
Böttger, H., & Költzsch, D. (2020). The fear factor: Xenoglossophobia or how to overcome the anxiety of speaking foreign languages. Training, Language and Culture, 4(2), 43-55.
Creswell, J. W. (2003). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications.Garden, Redwood City.
Hanna, M. S., & Gibson, J. W. (1992). Public speaking for personal success (3rd ed.). Dubuque, Iowa: William C. Brown.
He, D. (2017). How to Cope with Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety Effectively? The Case of University Students in China. Electronic Journal of Foreign Language Teaching, 14(2).
Hembree, R. (1988). Correlates, causes, effects, and treatment of test anxiety. Review of educational research, 58(1), 47-77.
Horwitz, E. K., Horwitz, M. B., & Cope, J. (1986). Foreign language classroom anxiety. The Modern language journal, 70(2), 125-132.
Ibrahim, R. M., & Hamad, L. Y. (2021). Investigating Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety among the Kurdish EFL Students: A Case Study at a Public University. Alustath Journal for Human and Social Sciences, 60(1), 77-92.
Kayaoğlu, M. N., & Sağlamel, H. (2013). Students’ perceptions of language anxiety in speaking classes. Journal of History Culture and Art Research, 2(2), 142-160.
Kelso, T., French, D., & Fernandez, M. (2005). Stress and coping in primary caregivers of children with a disability: a qualitative study using the Lazarus and Folkman Process Model of Coping. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 5(1), 3-10.
Khattak, Z. I., Jamshed, T., Ahmad, A., & Baig, M. N. (2011). An investigation into the causes of English language learning anxiety in students at AWKUM. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 1600-1604.
Kondo, D. S., & Ying-Ling, Y. (2004). Strategies for coping with language anxiety: The case of students of English in Japan. Elt Journal, 58(3), 258-265.
Küçükoğlu, H. (2014). Ways to cope with teacher burnout factors in ELT classrooms. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 2741-2746.
Kurniadi, R. (2019). Students’ anxiety in speaking English at second semester of english study program at university of Pasir Pengaraian (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Pasir Pengaraian).
Labicane, G. E. M. (2021). Foreign language anxiety experiences of Filipino students across the four macro skills. Language Literacy: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Language Teaching, 5(1), 254-264.
Legg, Timothy J. "An Old Treatment for an Even Older Problem: Does Psychoanalysis Have a Role in the Treatment of Addictive Disorders? A Review of the Literature." Journal of Addictions Nursing 30.1 (2019): 4-13.
Liu, M., & Jackson, J. (2008). An exploration of Chinese EFL learners' unwillingness to communicate and foreign language anxiety. The modern language journal, 92(1), 71-86.
MacIntyre, P. D., & Gardner, R. C. (1994). The subtle effects of language anxiety on cognitive processing in the second language. Language learning, 44(2), 283-305.
Minghe, G., & Yuan, W. (2013). Affective factors in oral English teaching and learning. Higher Education of Social Science, 5(3), 57-61
Montero-Marin, J., Prado-Abril, J., Piva Demarzo, M. M., Gascon, S., & García-Campayo, J. (2014). Coping with stress and types of burnout: explanatory power of different coping strategies. PloS one, 9(2), e89090.
Nagahashi, T. L. (2007). Techniques for reducing foreign language anxiety: Results of a successful intervention study.
Ortega, L. (2014). Understanding second language acquisition. Routledge.
Pabro-Maquidato, I. M. (2021). The experience of English speaking anxiety and coping strategies: a transcendental phenomenological study. International Journal of TESOL & Education, 1(2), 45-64.
Peirce, B. N. (1995). Social identity, investment, and language learning. TESOL quarterly, 29(1), 9-31.
Price, M. L. (1991). The subjective experience of foreign language anxiety: Interviews with highly anxious students. Language anxiety: From theory and research to classroom implications, 101-108.
Rajitha, K., & Alamelu, C. (2020). A study of factors affecting and causing speaking anxiety. Procedia Computer Science, 172, 1053.
Rodríguez, M. X., & Abreu, O. (2003). The stability of general foreign language classroom anxiety across English and French. The Modern Language Journal, 87(3), 365-374.
Savaşçı, M. (2014). Why are some students reluctant to use L2 in EFL speaking classes? An action research at tertiary level. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 116, 2682-2686.
Siyli, N. A., & Kafes, H. (2015). Overrunning speaking anxiety through audio journals. International Journal of Language Studies, 9(1), 23-40.
Speilberger, C. D., Gorsuch, R., Lushene, R., Vagg, P. R., & Jacobs, G. A. (1983). Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists.
Tan, S. C. (2013, November). From a Perspective on Foreign Language Learning Anxiety to Design an Affective Tutoring System. In Workshop Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computers in Education ICCE 2013 (p. 1).
Tanveer, M. (2007). Investigation of the factors that cause language anxiety for ESL/EFL learners in learning speaking skills and the influence it casts on communication in the target language. University of Glasgow, Scotland.
Tittle, M. (1997). The Effects of Foreign and Second Language Students' Irrational Beliefs and Anxiety on Classroom Achievement.
Walker, B. R., & Colledge, N. R. (2013). Davidson's principles and practice of medicine e-book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Yan, J. X., & Horwitz, E. K. (2008). Learners' perceptions of how anxiety interacts with personal and instructional factors to influence their achievement in English: A qualitative analysis of EFL learners in China. Language learning, 58(1), 151-183.
Yasuda, T., & Nabei, L. (2018). Effects of coping strategies on language anxiety of Japanese EFL learners: Investigating willingness to communicate. Journal of Language Teaching & Research, 9(5).
Yoshida, K. (2010). Coping with anxiety in the foreign language classroom: Japanese students on study-abroad language courses in the UK. Language and Culture: The Journal of the Institute for Language and Culture, 14, 59-80.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 The Scientific Journal of Cihan University– Sulaimaniya

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
SJCUS's open access articles are published under a Creative Commons Attribution CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.
