سلام رشيد س. and على احمد ي. 2024. Measuring the Direct and Indirect Impact of Public Expenditures on Economic Growth in Iraq During the Period (1990 – 2020). The Scientific Journal of Cihan University– Sulaimaniya. 8, 1 (Jul. 2024), 312-329. DOI:https://doi.org/10.25098/8.1.17.